Labeled as Aqua, Eau, or just simple Water, it is the first ingredient in most personal care formulas. At first sight, water is just water; it is just a body of water-based product of a solvent for other ingredients. Still, it is one of the most essential ingredients, as its purity, origin, and quality affect the products' sensory profile, texture, and appearance.
Several types of water are used in personal care products, depending on purity and origin. The most usual is purified, softened, and balanced spring or galactical water. It contains a small quantity of mineral ions involved in the metabolic processes of skin, hair, and other tissues.
In some products, Mineral water with high amounts of microelements like Zinc, Copper, Magnesium, and Iron ions is preferable. Ion exchange enhances dermal cell activity, improves natural defense mechanisms, and supports adequate hydration.
Destilated water (Aqua Destillata) is used in formulations requiring higher purity and lesser ion quantities. It ensures the absence of microbes and also allows the use of lower amounts of preservatives and other functional ingredients.The most purified type is Deionized water, used in formulas where the absence of ions or pH balance is essential. Stable electrostatic repulsion ensures emulsions, suspension stability, and longevity.
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