Humectant
Humectants are one of the primary building blocks of hair and skin care cosmetic formulations. Humectants are materials that are hygroscopic and are capable of retaining moisture over a wide relative humidity range.
In cosmetics they play an important role in hydrating the skin and hair, making them feel softer, enhancing suppleness, flexibility, and stretchability. They help to alleviate the drying conditions which threaten the appearance and well-being of the skin and hair caused by the environment.
Simply put, humectants have the ability to bind water to their molecules and want to do this to achieve a stable free energy state. Consequently, they are always very soluble in water.
Acetamidoethyl PG-Trimonium Chloride is a quaternized substantive humectant with excellent moisture-binding properties and low molecular weight. It is a tack-free material that possesses a soft smooth feel.
Acetyl Heptapeptide-4 is a synthetic peptide with sequence Ac-Glu-Glu-Met-Gln-Arg-Arg-Ala that was developed to maintain the skin's microbiota balance. It promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria acting as a probiotic while boosting skin's natural defense systems against harmful microbes.
Greek historian Discorides recorded the use of aloe as a healing herb more than 2000 years ago. The gel was applied externally to wounds to clear blemishes, soothe itches, and maintain healthy skin. There is a legend that Cleopatra massaged fresh aloe into her skin daily to preserve her beauty.
Cera Alba is a beeswax obtained from the product excreted by certain glands of the honeybee from which the honeycomb is made. It is freed of solid impurities by melting and centrifugation (cera flava). Finally, cera flava is bleached completely white Cera alba.
Diglycerin (Diglycerol) is a clear, colorless liquid that is more dense than Glycerin. Diglycerol has been incorporated into personal care products in Japan since the 1980s. It is a mild humectant, provides gloss to hair, and can enhance fragrance/flavor impact and longevity.
Dipentaerythrityl Tetrabehenate/Polyhydroxystearate (known under the trade name Pelemol® DP-144B) is the reaction product of Dipentaerythritol, Tetrapolyhydroxystearate acid, and behenic acid. It is 100% active, hydrophobic, tacky, and substantive.
Dipropylene Glycol is a mixture of isomeric 1,2-dipropylene glycol ethers, a water-miscible, low-volatility solvent and humectant for applications in cosmetics. It is a condensation product of 1,2-propylene glycol.
Glucamine is an organic primary amine, which has a sugar linked to its structure. It is used for the neutralization of carbomers and acrylate polymers, making it possible to obtain transparent and stable cosmetic and pharmaceutical gels.
Glycereth-12 is a glycerine ether with approximately 12 moles of ethylene oxide. It is a clear liquid emulsifier with an HLB value of 17.0 and a pH of 6 in a 5% aqueous solution.
Glycereth-26 is a glycerine ether with approximately 26 moles of ethylene oxide. It is a clear-hazy water-soluble liquid with a pH range of 6.0 - 7.0 in a 5% aqueous solution.
Glyceryl Betaine/Polyacrylic Acid Esters is an active hydrogel-forming agent that provides multifunctional benefits to skin and hair, delivering rheology control with advanced moisturization and an outstanding feel.
Glycine Max Callus Culture is an ingredient based on soy stem cells obtained by forcing differentiated soy tissues to return to the undifferentiated form. It is in liquid form derived from solid raw material by a special fermentation process.
In the Far East, the Chinese Hibiscus (Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis) was the source of a black dye used for various purposes, from blackening shoes to tinting women's hair and eyebrows.